- when the ignition key is turned to position «start» via output «50» the ignition switch, the voltage through the red wire is supplied to the traction relay located at the top of the starter;
- the inclusion fork moves the toothed gear into engagement with the ring gear of the engine flywheel;
- the gear engages, after which the traction relay through the main contact brings the full current from the battery (via output «30»). The gear begins to rotate the ring gear and transmits force - the starter turns the engine shaft;
- when the engine is started and the starter switch on the ignition switch is released, the magnetic field in the winding of the traction relay is interrupted and the switching fork is retracted by the return spring to its previous position. The gear is disengaged and the power supply to the starter is cut off.
A faulty starter can be identified by the following symptoms.
When the starter is turned on, clicks are heard in the area of \u200b\u200bthe unit, the starter motor scrolls a little with a crunch or does not rotate at all. Engage first gear and hold the ignition key in position «start», while the assistant pushes or rocks the vehicle. If the starter starts, then its brushes have worn out, or there is a short circuit in the armature winding, or the collector has worn out.
It happens that after a long trip, a heated starter refuses to work. This effect occurs as a result of the not entirely favorable relative position of the armature shaft and gear. With strong heating, these parts jam into each other, the traction relay cannot move the gear, as a result of which the electrical contact in it does not close. Sometimes it helps to hit the side of the starter with a hammer, at the same time the assistant must move the ignition switch to the position «start».