Pic. 4.31. Lubrication system: 1 - hydraulic tappets, 2 - oil channels for supplying oil to the valve mechanism, 3 - main oil channel from the engine block to the cylinder head, 4 - oil filter flange, 5 - channel to the oil filter, 6 - oil pump, 7 - oil regulator control chain tensioner
Engine lubrication system (pic. 4.31) intended for:
1. Lubrication of engine components and assemblies. Formation of an oil film between moving surfaces ensures minimal wear of the surfaces (pistons and cylinders, main bearings, valve drives and other components).
2. Elimination of gaps between the piston, piston rings and working surfaces of the cylinder.
3. Cooling parts such as pistons, crankshaft bearings.
The oil pump supplies oil under pressure to the appropriate channels, from where it enters the oil filter for cleaning. When the filter is clogged, the drain valve starts to work, which, at a certain pressure, opens the auxiliary circulation channel. Unrefined oil causes rapid bearing wear.
From the filter, the lubricant enters through the holes in the cylinder block to the bearings of the crankshaft, connecting rod, auxiliary shaft and valve mechanism in the cylinder head.
The cylinder walls and piston pins are lubricated by oil entering through the connecting rods. Separate oil nozzles serve to cool the pistons.