How to use this chapter
This part of Chapter 2 describes repairs that can be carried out without removing the engine from the vehicle. If the engine is removed from the vehicle and will be disassembled as described in Part D, all preliminary engine disassembly steps can be skipped. Note that despite the fact that it is physically possible to carry out a bulkhead of such units as a connecting rod and piston group without removing the engine from the car, these operations are not carried out separately. Usually some additional operations must be carried out (not counting the cleaning of parts and oil channels). For this reason, such operations are classified as main actions and are described in Part D of this chapter.
Part D describes the removal of the power unit from the vehicle and the repair operations that can then be carried out.
Engine Description
The engine is a four-cylinder, in-line, with one camshaft installed in line ("North South") with a transmission located behind the car.
The crankshaft is mounted in a cast-iron cylinder block on five main bearings. Axial movement is controlled by thrust half rings mounted on each side of the middle main bearing.
The connecting rods are attached to the crankshaft with horizontally cut connecting rod bearings, and to the pistons with pressed piston pins. Three piston rings are installed on the pistons: two compression and one oil scraper.
The camshaft is driven by a camshaft sprocket from a single or double row chain (depending on engine type). The chain also drives an additional shaft, which is used to drive the distributor, as well as the fuel pump, on carbureted models.
The camshaft is held in five bearings on an aluminum alloy cylinder head and actuates the valves via cam levers. On early models, valve clearances are manually adjusted. On the later ones, the valves are actuated by hydraulic tappets mounted on the cams, and regular manual adjustment is not required.
The gear oil pump is driven directly from the crankshaft and is located on the camshaft timing chain case.
Repair operations available without removing the engine from the car
Without removing the engine from the car, it is possible to perform the following work:
- A) Cylinder head - removal and installation.
- b) Camshaft and sprocket drive chain covers - removal and installation.
- V) Camshaft - removal and installation.
- G) Pallet - removal and installation.
- d) Camshaft drive belt - removal and installation.
- e) Removal and installation of connecting rod bearings, connecting rods and pistons *.
- and) Oil pump - removal and installation.
- h) Powertrain mounts - replacement.
- And) Flywheel / drive faceplate - removal and installation.
* For successful completion of this operation, it is recommended to remove the engine.