Structurally, the ignition distributors are the same for all types of engine. The distributor is equipped with centrifugal and vacuum regulators, a vacuum regulator with a double chamber for setting the early and late ignition timing. To improve the composition of exhaust gases in idling and driving at low speeds, the ignition timing is shifted in the direction "late". In the ignition system, an additional resistance is included between the ignition coil and the battery. Resistance increases the durability of individual components of the ignition system. When starting the engine with a starter, to ensure maximum current in the starter circuit, the additional resistance is turned off when the key in the ignition switch is turned to the start position. After the starter is turned off, the additional resistance is again included in the circuit.
The ignition distributor is the most important part of the engine and the gaps between the contacts of the breaker directly affect the operation of the engine, therefore they must always correspond to the prescribed values. For optimal adjustment, it is recommended to contact a service station, where they can carry out and adjust the angle of the closed state of the breaker contacts, adjust the centrifugal and vacuum regulators. To perform these works, special tools and devices are required, and we do not recommend doing them yourself. If there is a suspicion of wear of the distributor or a violation of the adjustment, additional checks should not be carried out.
Engines with a fuel injection system are equipped with a transistorized ignition system. Instead of breaker contacts, the current in the ignition coil turns on a transistor circuit. The breaker contacts control this transistor circuit. When the contacts are closed, the transistor is closed and the current in the ignition coil is interrupted. Interruption of current in the primary circuit of the ignition coil induces voltage in the secondary winding, as in a conventional ignition coil. To increase the ignition voltage when starting the engine, an additional resistance of 0.4 Ohm is bridged by contact 16 on the starter. When working with the ignition system, certain safety rules must be observed.