The compressor turbine is driven by the exhaust gases. The gases pass through a special casing (compressor casing), are fed to the compressor turbine. The turbine rotates on a shaft, at the other end of which is a compressor wheel in a separate casing. It is this that supplies air under pressure to the pipeline.
An intercooler is installed between the compressor and the pipeline (refer to Section Intercooler - general information). In the intercooler, the air is cooled, compressing itself. The partial pressure of oxygen increases, which leads to an increase in engine power.
The air pressure in the pipeline is limited by a special sensor. When the maximum pressure is reached, the sensor opens the valve, thereby limiting the supply of exhaust gases to the turbine.
The compressor shaft is lubricated with engine oil, which is supplied through a specially designed hose. The shaft constantly "floats" in oil. From the compressor, the oil is discharged into the pan through the return hose.
The turbocharger is an integral part of the exhaust manifold and cannot be separated from it.
Precautionary measures
The rotation speed of the compressor turbines is enormous and the operating temperature is very high. In order to avoid injury and damage to the turbocharger, please observe the following precautions.
Do not start the engine after removing any turbocharger component. Foreign objects getting into the turbine blades can cause them to fail. You also risk injury from objects thrown from the turbine.
After removing any turbocharger components or air intake hoses, cover it with a clean rag.
Do not give gas immediately after starting the engine, especially if it is not warmed up. Oil cannot immediately lubricate the turbine shaft.
Never turn off the ignition immediately after stopping the car. Do not press the accelerator pedal before stopping the engine. Immediately after turning off the ignition, oil is no longer supplied to the compressor shaft and it will rotate for some time without lubrication.
Before turning off the engine, let it idle for a few minutes, during which time the turbine speed will decrease significantly.
Change the oil, oil filter and air cleaner regularly. Using old oil will cause deposits on the compressor shaft and cause it to fail. Before disconnecting the oil supply and return hoses from the compressor, thoroughly clean the surrounding surfaces. Store removed components in sealed containers.