Starter elements
1 - Starter; 2 - E / magnetic starter; 3 - Gear with overrunning clutch; 4 - Field windings; 5 - Brushes; 6 - Bearings
Starter elements are shown in the illustration.
Before testing, make sure the battery is fully charged and the anti-theft system is not activated.
1. If an automatic transmission is installed on the car and the starter does not turn on, make sure that the selector is in position P or N.
2. Make sure the battery is fully charged and there is no corrosion on the wire ends and battery and starter terminals.
3. If the starter rotates but the engine flywheel does not, then the starter overrunning clutch may be defective (it does not allow the bendix to rotate with the engine after starting). In this case, the starter must be repaired or replaced. Another reason for this may be a strong loosening of the starter mounting bolts (Bendix gear does not engage with flywheel crown).
4. If, when the starter is turned on, its engine does not turn over, and the retractor relay works (clicks are heard), then either the battery is discharged, or the terminals of the retractor relay are oxidized, or the starter is faulty (if the car engine is not jammed).
5. If even clicks of the retractor relay are not heard when the starter is turned on, the battery is faulty, the wiring is broken, or the retractor relay is faulty.
6. For check of serviceability of the retractor relay connect the positive plug of a starter to the small plug of the retractor relay. If the starter starts to turn, the solenoid relay is OK, and either the ignition switch, or the wiring, or the automatic transmission selector sensor is faulty (if the selector is in position P or N).
7. If the starter rotates slowly after closing the terminals, make sure that the battery is charged and the wires are securely connected. If the vehicle's engine is partially seized or filled with high viscosity oil, the starter will also turn slowly.
8. Start the engine and warm up to operating temperature. Stop the engine, remove the fuel pump fuse, and disconnect the electrical connectors from the ignition coils.
9. Connect the positive lead of the voltmeter to the positive battery terminal and the negative lead to the negative terminal.
10. Turn on the starter and, as soon as the voltmeter readings stabilize, write them down. Do not operate the starter for more than 15 seconds. If the starter speed is normal, and the voltage is more than 10.5 Volts, everything is in order. If the voltage is 10.5 Volts and higher, and the starter rotation speed is low, the contacts of the retractor relay are burnt, the starter or wiring is faulty. If the voltage is less than 10.5 volts and the starter speed is low, the starter is faulty or the battery is dead.