Wheel alignment and kingpin inclination
St - camber; Sp - transverse inclination of the kingpin axis; LR - turning radius; 1 - transverse support beam; 2 - independent suspension wishbone; 3 - steering knuckle; 4 - axis hinge; 5 - shock absorber strut; 6 - crank
Longitudinal inclination of kingpin
NL - longitudinal inclination of kingpin; VLY - offset of longitudinal tilt of the kingpin axis; 1 - longitudinal beam; 2 - independent suspension wishbone; 3 - steering knuckle; 4 - stabilizer; 5 - shock absorber strut; 6 - rubber support; 7 - steering pendulum lever