How engine oil works
Friction reduction
Without oil, the internal surfaces under the action of friction will heat up, melt and jam the engine very quickly. The oil and its special additives form a molecular barrier between moving parts that reduces friction, thereby preventing wear and reducing heat generation.
Cooling hot spots
The oil cools the parts that the cooling system fluid (based on aqueous solution) cannot wash. The oil enters the combustion chamber and pistons, the temperature of which can exceed 1000°C. The oil allows heat to be transferred to the cooling system. The heat of the oil is also transferred through the airflow of the blown oil sump and through the optional oil heat exchanger.
Cleaning the inside of the engine
The oil washes away the products of combustion (mainly soot) from pistons and cylinders, carrying them to the oil filter and holding the smallest particles in suspension until they are washed away during an oil change.
Engine oil type
Mineral oils are traditional oils primarily used in older engines and vehicles not used in harsh environments.
Diesel oils are specially formulated for diesel engines, including turbocharged models and 4x4s models. Synthetic oils are the most advanced oils, providing ultimate protection, but at a fairly high price.
Semi-synthetic oils provide a high degree of engine protection, but at a lower cost than pure synthetic oils.