As a result, a completely new generation of 4-cylinder engines with a light metal alloy head has emerged, including 4 gasoline engines of the M-166 series and 4 turbo diesel engines of the OM-668 series.
The power plant is located at an angle in the car directly behind the bottom of the footwell, under the pedals.
The surface of the power plant facing the passenger compartment is designed so that in the event of a frontal impact, the power unit goes under the bottom (see illustration 1.0).
Gasoline engines
The camshaft, located on five bearings in the cylinder head, made of an alloy of light metals, through the rocker acts on both valves of the cylinder.
The camshaft is driven from the crankshaft by a maintenance-free chain.
Diesel engines
Diesel engines have four valves per cylinder. The valves are driven by two camshafts connected by sprockets.
The intake camshaft is driven by a double row roller chain from the crankshaft (see illustration 1.0a).
1.0 Front axle and power unit of a car with a gasoline engine
1 - gear selection rod
2 - gear lever
3 - suspension strut
4 - brake disc
5 - support
6 - left half shaft
7 - manual transmission
8 - anti-roll bar
9 - block of ignition coils
10 - transverse suspension arm
11 - engine
1.0a Diesel engine with fuel distribution line (CDI)
1 - outlet pipeline
2 - gearbox
3 - oil level sensor
4 - guide tube of the pin oil level indicator (probe)
5 - starter
6 - oil filter
7 - oil filter cover
8 - fuel filter
9 - intake manifold
10 - oil separator
11 - crankcase ventilation hose
12 - vacuum pump
13 - cylinder head
14 - chain tensioner
15 - bracket right engine mount
16 - cylinder block
17 - water pump of the cooling system
18 - auxiliary drive belt pulley on the crankshaft
19 - engine support bracket on the oil pan
20 - ribbed belt tension roller
21 - generator
22 - air conditioning compressor
23 - drain plug
24 - rear engine mount