Diesel engine
In a turbocharger, two turbine wheels are installed on one shaft, which are located in housings separated from each other.
The wheels are driven by exhaust gases, which drive the supercharger shaft to 300,000 rpm.
And since the rotor, driven by the exhaust gases, and the rotor for the intake of fresh air are located on the same shaft, atmospheric air is pumped into the combustion chambers of the cylinders at the same frequency.
The turbocharger is lubricated with engine oil through the corresponding oil line.
Due to the good filling factor in existing engines, power gains of up to 100% can be achieved.
Depending on the engine type, the use of a turbocharger also increases torque.
The extent of this increase depends, among other things, on the boost pressure, which in a passenger car is usually around 1.0 bar.
The boost pressure is continuously monitored and regulated by the engine control unit via the boost pressure sensor.
This prevents the maximum permissible boost pressure from being exceeded.
Between the turbocharger and the air intake is the charge air cooler (intercooler), which reduces the temperature of the air compressed by the supercharger.
This increases engine power because the cooled air has a higher oxygen content due to its higher density.
In contrast to the internal combustion engine, in a diesel power plant, thanks to supercharging, there is no need to reduce compression, which allows the injected fuel to be fully utilized even in the lower engine speed range.
The turbocharger is an extremely precisely manufactured unit. As a rule, in case of failure, the turbocharger is replaced completely.