Diesel engine
In the turbocharger, two turbine wheels are installed on one shaft, which are located in housings separated from each other.
The wheel drive is provided by exhaust gases. They bring the speed of the supercharger shaft to 300,000 rpm.
And since the rotor, driven by the outgoing exhaust gases, and the intake air rotor sit on the same shaft, atmospheric air is forced into the combustion chambers of the cylinders with the same frequency.
The turbocharger is lubricated with engine oil through a suitable oil line.
Due to the good fill factor in existing engines, power gains of up to 100% can be achieved.
Depending on the type of engine, the use of a turbocharger also increases the torque.
The degree of this increase depends, among other things, on the boost pressure, which in a passenger car is usually around 1.0 bar.
The boost pressure is continuously monitored and regulated by the engine control unit via the boost pressure sensor.
This avoids exceeding the maximum allowable boost pressure.
The charge air cooler is located between the turbocharger and the air intake (intercooler), which reduces the temperature of the air compressed by the supercharger.
This increases engine power, because the cooled air has a higher oxygen content due to its high density.
In contrast to an internal combustion engine, in a diesel power plant, due to supercharging, there is no need to reduce compression, which allows full use of the injected fuel even in the lower engine speed range.
The turbocharger is an extremely precisely manufactured unit. As a rule, in the event of a malfunction, the turbocharger is replaced completely.